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Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the largest class of all major congenital anomalies. It occurs in 0.6– 1% of live births throughout the world. The prevalence of specific defects is known to be associated with race/ethnicity. Asian children are reported to be at higher risk of complex CHDs than non-Asians. Various factors were supposed to be the cause of higher CHD prevalence in individual ethnic groups with genetic, lifestyle, socioeconomic, ecological factors and restricted access to health services being among them. The goal of this study was to reveal the dynamics of incidence and spectrum of CHDs among neonates of different ethnic groups delivered in the tertiary care center of Yakutia in 2001 - 2013. Methods Spectrum of CHD among neonates examined in the Yakutsk Diagnostic Centre was analyzed retrospectively. Eligibility criteria for the detailed medical evaluation: a CHD in family history or any clinical sign of CHD. Neonates, suspected of having CHD, were further evaluated by pulse oximetry, chest X-ray and echocardiography to ascertain the diagnosis. Information regarding gender, mode of delivery, gestational age, body weight and length at birth, socioeconomic status of the family, family history, ethnicity and place of residence of 724 and 1226 babies, who were examined in 2001 – 2003 and in 2011 - 2013 respectively, were processed using the SPSS-16 package. Results Of all babies, eligible for the detailed evaluation in both periods, ventricular septal defect was revealed in 6.4%, atrial septal defect - in 4.6%, patent ductus arteriosus - in 2.6%, tetralogy of Fallot – in 1.4%, coarctation of the aorta – in 0.9%, pulmonary atresia - in 0.7%), complete atrioventricular canal – in 0.5% and Ebstein’s anomaly – in 0.5%. Comparison of CHD incidence and patterns in 2001 – 2003 and in 2011 – 2013 revealed an almost 2-fold increase in the total number of CHD (p Conclusions Revealed higher incidence of CHD is due to the fact that the study was carried out in a tertiary care unit, which is the only referral hospital in Yakutia. Increased number of CHD reflects rather better availability of cardiac services and higher professional qualification of specialists than a higher incidence of CHD in 2011 - 2013. |
