Structure and properties of organic xerogels derived from tannins and ethanol lignins of the Siberian fir
| Autor: | Maxim A. Lutoshkin, Boris N. Kuznetsov, Nikolai V. Chesnokov, G. P. Skwortsova, N. M. Mikova, V. А. Levdanskiy, А. М. Zhizhaev |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
Thermogravimetric analysis Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Chemistry 020209 energy food and beverages 02 engineering and technology Polymer 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Chemical engineering 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Lignin Thermal stability Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Porosity Alkyl 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Fire retardant |
| Zdroj: | Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 11:1565-1573 |
| ISSN: | 2190-6823 2190-6815 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s13399-019-00561-8 |
| Popis: | The organic xerogels, prepared from tannins and ethanol lignins of the fir (Abies sibirica), were synthesized for the first time. The influence of the composition of initial mixture and pH on the characteristics of xerogels obtained by sol-gel condensation of formaldehyde with polyphenols of fir has been studied. The possibility of regulating the density and porosity of gels by varying of the concentration of ethanol lignin in the initial mixture was established. It was found that tannin-lignin-formaldehyde gel with low-density (0.11 g/cm3), and very high porosity (92%) is formed at a mass ratio tannins and lignins equal to 1. According to FTIR data, the process of xerogel formation is carried out by cross-linking due to the formation of carbon-carbon and alkyl ethers bonds. SEM method confirmed the formation of branched macromolecular structure of gels from interconnected spherical particles of different sizes. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates greater thermal stability of tannin-formaldehyde gels compared with the tannin-lignin-formaldehyde gels. The increase of lignin concentration in gels more than 50–65% (by the mass) reduced the temperature of their intensive mass loss on 23–63 °С. The obtained organic gels are non-flammable polymers, and they can be used as thermal and fire retardant materials. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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