Degradation of Chemical Warfare Agents by Reactive Polymers

Autor:	William R. Creasy, Roderick A. Fry, Heidi Schreuder-Gibson, T. Alan Hatton, David J. McGarvey, Lev Bromberg
Rok vydání:	2008
Předmět:	chemistry.chemical_classification Sarin Chemistry General Chemical Engineering Polyacrylamide Polyacrylonitrile General Chemistry Polymer Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering chemistry.chemical_compound Hydrolysis Nucleophile Polymer chemistry Soman Reactivity (chemistry)
Zdroj:	Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 48:1650-1659
ISSN:	1520-5045 0888-5885
DOI:	10.1021/ie801150y
Popis:	Nucleophilic hydrolysis of chemical warfare agents (CWA), S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl O-ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX), O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman, or GD), and isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin, or GB) by polyacrylamidoxime (PANOx) and poly(N-hydroxyacrylamide) (PHA) has been demonstrated. The reactive PANOx and PHA were obtained by one-step oximation of polyacrylonitrile and polyacrylamide, respectively. The polymers were converted to their respective oximate salts at pH values greater than the pKa of oximate or amidoximate groups of 7.5 and 10.8, respectively. Although the PANOx and PHA exhibited spontaneous hydrolysis at ambient temperature and humidity, the conversion of the hydroxamate into the unreactive carboxylic groups was insignificant even at prolonged storage, so that the polymers maintained reactivity at ambient conditions. When exposed to ambient air or 100% humidity, the polymers imbibed up to 65 wt % water, which dramatically enhanced the polymer reactivity to...
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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