Pathophysiology of scleroderma: an update

Autor: U.-F. Haustein, U. Anderegg
Rok vydání: 1998
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 11:1-8
ISSN: 1468-3083
0926-9959
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.1998.tb00945.x
Popis: Objectives To review the pathophysiological background of systemic sclerosis in relation to the main components involved: microvascular system, immunological system and fibroblasts of the connective tissue. Background Although many particular aspects of the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis have been investigated in recent years, the complexity of the pathogenesis and the important links between the components involved remain unclear. Methods Literature review. Results and conclusion Scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder resulting in a progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs. The genetic background is not clear. The microvascular system is one of the first targets involved (damage of capillaries, enhanced expression of adhesion molecules interacting with lymphocytes, perivascular infiltrates as starting points for tissue fibrosis). The immune system is unbalanced (selection of T-cell subpopulations, elevated serum levels of several cytokines, occurrence of autoantigens to topoisomerase I, centromeric proteins and RNA polymerases). As far as autoimmunity is concerned the triggering autoantigen is still unknown. Development of connective tissue fibrosis is prominent (subpopulations of fibroblasts with disturbed regulation of collagen turnover by TGF-β, CTGF and collagen receptors (α1β1, α2β1)). Investigation of pathophysiology of scleroderma is effected by monitoring the serum levels for soluble mediators, by cell culture studies of affected and non-affected fibroblasts and EC, by studying environmentally induced forms of scleroderma and by studies using animal models.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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