A cost-benefit analysis of the carbon footprint with hydrogen scooters and electric scooters
| Autor: | Fang Ling Wu, Wei Hsiang Lai, Ching Chih Chang, Ming Pin Lai |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Hydrogen
Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment 020209 energy Environmental engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Condensed Matter Physics 01 natural sciences Steam reforming Fuel Technology Internal combustion engine chemistry Hydrogen fuel Greenhouse gas 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Carbon footprint Environmental science Life-cycle assessment Carbon 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 41:13299-13307 |
| ISSN: | 0360-3199 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.168 |
| Popis: | This study analyzes the carbon footprint of an internal combustion engine scooter (ICE) and there are four types of electric scooters studied, namely: a hydrogen fueled scooter with on-board methanol steam reforming (on-board SMR), hydrogen scooter with methane steam reforming (SMR), plug-in electric scooter (PEV), and hybrid scooter. This paper also uses a sensitivity analysis to examine how the variations in fuel prices influence the cost-benefit of using a hydrogen scooter. The research results are as follows: (1) SMR and on-board SMR have the smallest carbon (0.0115 kg CO 2,e & 0.0117 kg CO 2,e ), PEV (0.0189 kg CO 2,e ), hybrid scooter (0.0614 kg CO 2,e ) and ICE (0.1378 kg CO 2,e ); the percentage of carbon emissions relative to ICE by each scooter are, in ascending order, 8%, 8%, 14% and 45%; (2) according to the ISO14067 standard, capital goods (fixed costs) cannot be accounted into total life cycle costs, and total life cycle costs excluding fixed costs are in descending order, SMR ($6632), ICE ($4233), on-board SMR ($3643), hybrid scooter ($3368) and PEV ($2824); (3) the variation of fuel price is the key factor of using hydrogen scooters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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