Neural Mechanisms of Human Decision-Making
Autor: | Randall C. O'Reilly, Jessica Mollick, Ananta Nair, Kai A. Krueger, Seth A. Herd |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Artificial neural network
Process (engineering) business.industry Generalization Cognitive Neuroscience 05 social sciences SIGNAL (programming language) Plan (drawing) Outcome (game theory) 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience Animal data 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Cortex (anatomy) medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Artificial intelligence Psychology business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience. 21:35-57 |
ISSN: | 1531-135X 1530-7026 |
Popis: | We present a theory and neural network model of the neural mechanisms underlying human decision-making. We propose a detailed model of the interaction between brain regions, under a proposer-predictor-actor-critic framework. This theory is based on detailed animal data and theories of action-selection. Those theories are adapted to serial operation to bridge levels of analysis and explain human decision-making. Task-relevant areas of cortex propose a candidate plan using fast, model-free, parallel neural computations. Other areas of cortex and medial temporal lobe can then predict likely outcomes of that plan in this situation. This optional prediction- (or model-) based computation can produce better accuracy and generalization, at the expense of speed. Next, linked regions of basal ganglia act to accept or reject the proposed plan based on its reward history in similar contexts. If that plan is rejected, the process repeats to consider a new option. The reward-prediction system acts as a critic to determine the value of the outcome relative to expectations and produce dopamine as a training signal for cortex and basal ganglia. By operating sequentially and hierarchically, the same mechanisms previously proposed for animal action-selection could explain the most complex human plans and decisions. We discuss explanations of model-based decisions, habitization, and risky behavior based on the computational model. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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