| Popis: |
Iodothyronine deiodinases, a ubiquitous family of selenoenzymes, are key tissue-specific regulators of intracellular thyroid hormone availability and signaling. This chapter reviews current information supporting the notion that the altered expression and/or activity of deiodinases contribute to the pathophysiology of diverse clinical disorders. Experimental and clinical evidence establishes an association of polymorphisms in deiodinase genes with mood, affective and cognitive functioning, as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid metabolism. Similarly, an imbalance in the activating and inactivating deiodinase pathways may promote cell proliferation and/or invasiveness of different types of neoplasms. Although a clear-cut picture has not yet been achieved, emerging data support the notion that the deiodinase-dependent thyroid hormone transcriptional footprint has a profound functional impact in health and disease. |
