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The detection of trace amount of explosives is of utmost importance in many day-to-day military operations. Moreover, the detection of landmines is a complex and urgent worldwide problem, which needs specific, rapid and cost effective solutions. The most commonly used explosive in landmines is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Almost 80% of the types of mines manufactured worldwide contain TNT. This contribution describes the use of Immersion Mode Solid-Phase Microextraction (I-SPME) for extraction of TNT and their degradation products from surface soil samples for subsequent analysis by either GC with 63 Ni micro cell Electron Capture Detector or gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer coupled to a Tunable Electron Energy Monochromator. A pretreatment step was introduced for the soil samples which extracted the target compounds into an aqueous phase. The experimental results demonstrated the effects of controllable variables. Parameters studied include the chemical properties of the fiber coating, extraction and desorption times, fiber extraction and matrix effect. Surface soil samples containing TNT were evaluated to study the detection of the nitroaromatic explosives and its degradations products using different environmental conditions such as sample temperature, sample contact time and water content. |
