Neural Bases of Defensive Aggression
| Autor: | Steven S. Zalcman, Rekha Bhatt, Allan Siegel, Suresh Bhatt |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
endocrine system diseases Aggression nutritional and metabolic diseases Stimulation Stimulus (physiology) Periaqueductal gray Midbrain Endocrinology Monoamine neurotransmitter nervous system Hypothalamus Dopamine Internal medicine cardiovascular system medicine medicine.symptom Psychology human activities Neuroscience medicine.drug |
| Popis: | Defensive rage behavior – a naturally occurring behavior elicited in the presence of a threatening stimulus – is characterized mostly in felines by hissing, arching of the back, retraction of its ears, piloerection, and forelimb striking of the object perceived to be a threat. This form of aggression bears close similarities to that seen in several classes of psychiatric disorders such as in schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder in the human patient as well as in nonpatient displays of aggression such as ‘road rage.’ In the cat, defensive rage can be elicited by electrical stimulation of the medial hypothalamus or midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) and is modulated by limbic structures. The primary descending pathway from the medial hypothalamus for the expression of defensive rage projects to the PAG. The functions of monoamine, amino acid, and peptide neurotransmitters regulating defensive rage have been identified as well as cytokines within the hypothalamus and PAG, which also powerfully regulate defensive rage behavior. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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