| Popis: |
This study use gelatin as an inexpensive physical model material to simulate poorly consolidated sediments and investigated selected problems associated with hydraulic fractures, in the sense of find ways to surround a vertical well with hydraulic fractures and extend selected ones into the formation as wing fractures in two different stress environments. A technique was developed to control initial hydrofrac orientation based on tensile strength, fluid inertia, and breakdown pressure, which combine with an appropriate shooting phase oriented respect to the field stresses enable surround a well and form wing fractures to set an outside gravel pack. The results of theses experiments were used to improve the novel technique of outside gravel pack as an economical alternative to enhance hydrocarbon productivity. |
