Synthesis of High-Performance Titanium Sub-Oxides for Electrochemical Applications Using Combination of Sol–Gel and Vacuum-Carbothermic Processes
| Autor: | Nae-Lih Wu, Pei-Sian Shao, Yu-Ting Weng, Chung-Hsien Chuang, Wesley Chuang, Yu-Hsiang Lin, Jyh-Fu Lee, Meng-Lin Lu, Sheng-Siang Huang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Quenching
Materials science Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment General Chemical Engineering chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Electrochemistry 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Nanomaterials Titanium oxide chemistry Chemical engineering Phase (matter) Environmental Chemistry 0210 nano-technology Carbon Sol-gel Titanium |
| Zdroj: | ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 6:3162-3168 |
| ISSN: | 2168-0485 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03189 |
| Popis: | A series of nanocrystalline titanium (Ti) sub-oxides, including TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, and Ti4O7, with high surface area and activity are successively synthesized using a facile synthesis method that combines the sol–gel and the energy-efficient vacuum-carbothermic (SG-VC) processes. The combination results in synergy in producing nanomaterials with high surface area (>100 m2 g–1), good conductivity, and rich intra-grain defect features, giving the oxides unique surface activities suitable for particular electrochemical applications. The phase compositions of the resulting powders are primarily determined by two process parameters, including the carbothermic carbon (C) content, expressed as the C-to-Ti molar ratio of the reactant powder, and the cooling protocol. Carbothermic C contents exceeding a threshold of C/Ti ∼ 3.7 exclusively produced non-Magneli phase (MP) oxides including TiO and Ti2O3, while the MP oxides, Ti3O5 and Ti4O7, can be formed only with lower C contents combined with selected quenching pr... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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