Hemispheric Differences in Neural Activation during Gaze Cueing in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Measured by Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
| Autor: | B. Gorka, A. M. Chase, Amy K. Olszewski, John E. Moran, Alfred Mansour, M. A. Boyle, Daniel Jacobson, Susan M. Bowyer, P. Lewandowski-Powley, Lesley Pawluk, M. L. Gallaway, Renee Lajiness-O'Neill |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Joint attention genetic structures medicine.diagnostic_test Magnetoencephalography Audiology medicine.disease behavioral disciplines and activities Gaze Lateralization of brain function Neuroimaging Autism spectrum disorder medicine Autism Psychology Neurotypical Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | IFMBE Proceedings ISBN: 9783642121968 |
| Popis: | Atypical hemispheric lateralization during language tasks has been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Six participants with ASD and eight neurotypical controls underwent MEG while performing a gaze cueing task. Participants indicated whether a character’s gaze shifted congruently or incongruently to targets (asterisk), words, or faces. We hypothesized similar aberrant activity and contextual differences would be evident during joint attention, suggesting fundamental cognitive processing biases in regions necessary for either verbal or nonverbal communication. Data were analyzed with MR-FOCUSS [1]. Results revealed higher mean amplitudes in left occipital and parietal brain regions during gaze shifts to both targets and faces in ASD while higher mean amplitudes in right inferior temporal and medial orbitofrontal regions was evident in controls. Pronounced amplitudes were noted in left angular regions during gaze shifts to faces in ASD. Latency data further reveals contextual differences and a possible double dissociation in brain regions recruited for joint attention. While controls displayed an earlier onset in activation to words in frontal regions and later activation to faces in inferior temporal regions, ASD demonstrated the opposite pattern; an earlier activation in inferior temporal regions and later activation in frontal regions to words. Results suggest atypical hemispheric specialization for joint attention with ASD recruiting left posterior hemispheric regions during gaze shifts to social stimuli while controls recruit right inferior temporal and medial orbitofrontal regions. Consistent with aberrant connectivity and a “crowding” hypothesis, ASD subjects appear to be using regions that underlie reading such as posterior parietal and occipital regions for joint attention. This is the first study to reveal these deficits in ASD children and adolescents with neuroimaging. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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