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Background: Food security is a complex phenomenon that explains the biopsychosocial, nutritional and economic relationships. Objective Determine the relationship between food security and prevalence of anemia in children under five years of age in the ApurAmac, Ene and Mantaro river valleys (VRAEM). Methodology: We employed a Cross-section observational analytic study. The study population was selected from families that had at least one child under 5 years of age, in the VRAEM communities resulting in a sample size of 207 children under 5 years of age belonging to 188 mothers. The statistical program SPSS v.22 was used to conduct the analysis. Results: 86% of families are mildly food insecure and 14% with moderate food insecurity; 30.9%. The prevalence of mild anemia was 52.7% (IC95% 46.4-60.2), moderate anemia 27.50%, (IC95% 21.7-33.3) severe anemia 2.90% (IC95% 1.0-5.3) and no anemia 16.9% (IC95% 11.3-22.1). Of those sampled, 29% had episodes of diarrhea, 63.2% when diarrhea gives less food and more fluid. In regards to the source of water, 55.6% of the children live in households with piped water inside the house from the public distribution network, 31.4% consume water from the public network from tapstands outside the home, and 7.1% consume unboiled water from open sources. Additionally, 60.4% of children they have access to latrines, 23.2% dump their garbage in an open field, 23.7% burn the waste, 87.9% wash their hands with soap and water, 71.5% of families cultivate small plots. In regards to food consumption, 89.3% consume rice, 84.2% potatoes, 91.9% sugar and 7.9% fish. Food security is associated with the prevalence of anemia (OR 3.072, 95% CI: 0.6958-13.7) p value = 0.05). Conclusion: The risk of anemia is 3 times more for a child with food insecurity. Funding Statement: The study was funded by the UNCP. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in the publication of this article. Ethics Approval Statement: Once the mother agreed to participate voluntarily, she signed the respective informed consent. The study is framed within the codes of medical ethics and health research (the Declaration of Helsinki). This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Central Peru National University. |
