Popis: |
We describe the problems caused by pollution and congestion externalities in megalopolises such as Jakarta, New Delhi and Kuala Lumpur in comparison with the Japanese experience. We argue that planners in those developing economies decided to spend scarce resources in motorways and freeways rather than public transport, with dire consequences. We also find how some of those cities, many in mainland China, are now developing effective public transport networks with the potential to ameliorate their problems. |