| Popis: |
The advancement of laparoscopic robotic surgery largely depends on the development of innovative laparoscopic instrumentation. The most widely used system, the da Vinci surgical robot (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, California), was introduced in 1998 and received FDA approval in 2000. Its popularity may largely be attributed to the development of EndoWrist instruments with increased degrees of freedom and improved stereoscopic vision. The electronics integrated into the system allow motion scaling of surgeon hand movement into smaller instrument tip movements in the field, reducing natural tremor of surgeon’s hands. Instruments have a total of six degrees of freedom plus grip, mimicking the up and down and side-to-side flexibility of human wrist. Recently da Vinci S system has introduced (Intuitive Surgical Inc.), which features easier docking, added system feedback and high-definition telemonitoring. Another feature of the new S system is the additional 2 inches of length of the instruments. |
