Rainfall retrieval over the ocean with spaceborne W-band radar
| Autor: | Cristian Mitrescu, Norman B. Wood, Simone Tanelli, John M. Haynes, Tristan L'Ecuyer, Graeme L. Stephens, Steven D. Miller |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
Meteorology Mie scattering Soil Science Aquatic Science Oceanography Physics::Geophysics law.invention Geochemistry and Petrology law Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Precipitation Radar Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Remote sensing Ecology Ice crystals Paleontology Forestry Snow Sea surface temperature Geophysics Space and Planetary Science Extinction (optical mineralogy) Middle latitudes Environmental science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 |
| ISSN: | 0148-0227 |
| DOI: | 10.1029/2008jd009973 |
| Popis: | [1] A method for retrieving precipitation over the ocean using spaceborne W-band (94 GHz) radar is introduced and applied to the CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar. The method is most applicable to stratiform-type precipitation. Measurements of radar backscatter from the ocean surface are combined with information about surface wind speed and sea surface temperature to derive the path-integrated attenuation through precipitating cloud systems. The scattering and extinction characteristics of raindrops are modeled using a combination of Mie theory (for raindrops) and the discrete dipole approximation (for ice crystals and melting snow), and a model of the melting layer is implemented to represent the transition between ice and liquid water. Backward Monte Carlo modeling is used to model multiple scattering from precipitating hydrometeors between the radar and ocean surface, which is shown to be significant for precipitation rates exceeding 3–5 mm h−1, particularly when precipitating ice is present. An uncertainty analysis is presented and the algorithm is applied to near-global CloudSat observations and compared with other near-global precipitation sources. In the tropics, CloudSat tends to underestimate the heaviest precipitation. It is found that in the middle latitudes, however, CloudSat observes precipitation more often and with greater resulting accumulation than other spaceborne sensors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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