Effects of Water Acidity, Calcium, and Aluminum on Whole Body Ions of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Continuously Exposed from Fertilization to Swim-Up: A Study by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis
| Autor: | Chris M. Wood, C. G. Ingersoll, David R. Mount, S. Landsberger, D. G. McDonald, H. L. Bergman, Ora E. Johannsson |
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| Rok vydání: | 1990 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 47:1593-1603 |
| ISSN: | 1205-7533 0706-652X |
| DOI: | 10.1139/f90-181 |
| Popis: | Water Ca, rather than pH or Al, was the most important factor affecting whole body electrolyte levels in fry exposed from fertilization to swim-up (91 d) to 84 combinations of pH (6.5, 5.2, 4.8, 4.4, 4.0), Ca (0.5, 1, 2, 8 mg/L), and Al (0, 12, 37, 111, 333, 1000 μg/L) in flowing soft water. Aluminum accumulation occurred only at water Al levels > 111 μg/L; Al accumulation was inhibited both by increasing Ca and decreasing pH. Under control conditions (pH = 6.5, Ca = 2 mg/L, Al = 0 μg/L), whole body Na, Cl, K, and Ca levels all increased greatly during development, while Mg decreased. Body Ca levels were elevated up to 3-fold, and Na, Cl, and K up to 2-fold by increasing water Ca at the same pH and Al. Low pH had a small negative influence, intermediate levels of Al (37, 111) a slight positive influence, and higher levels of Al a negative influence on Na, Cl, K, and Ca levels. Whole body Mg showed opposite trends, reflecting delayed development under adverse conditions. At pH = 6.5, the positive influence of increasing water Ca on most whole body ions showed a clear threshold between 0.5 and 1 mg/L. At lower pH, this threshold was shifted to between 2 and 8 mg/L, indicating that Ca levels sufficient to support healthy development at circumneutral pH may prove inadequate under acidified conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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