Interaction of Glycine Betaine and Plant Hormones: Protection of the Photosynthetic Apparatus During Abiotic Stress
| Autor: | Mohammad Zaman, Vaughan Hurry, Richard P. Pharis, Alexander G. Ivanov, Norman P. A. Huner, Leonid V. Kurepin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine chemistry.chemical_classification Abiotic component Abiotic stress fungi food and beverages Secondary metabolite Photosynthesis 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 030104 developmental biology chemistry Biochemistry Auxin Botany medicine Gibberellin Abscisic acid Salicylic acid 010606 plant biology & botany medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications ISBN: 9783319488714 |
| Popis: | The growth and development of higher plants depends not only upon an active photosynthetic apparatus and adequate water and mineral nutrient supply, but also tight regulation of growth by plant hormones and specific secondary metabolites. Environmental (abiotic) stresses influence plant growth via changes in the metabolism and action of plant hormones, their interactions with secondary metabolites, as well as a reduction in photosynthetic activity. An initial response to abiotic stress often includes an increasing accumulation of two “stress” hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA). This is followed by an activation of multiple physiological pathways which yield an increase in tolerance to the stress. Also associated with these increases in ABA and SA levels are a reduction in the biosynthesis and/or action of plant “growth” hormones, such as the gibberellins, auxin and cytokinins. The plant’s internal resources are then diverted toward enhancing stress tolerance which is usually associated with diminished photosynthetic productivity. However, some plant varieties (genotypes) are capable of biosynthesising a unique secondary metabolite, glycine betaine (GB). These genotypes exhibit a greater tolerance to abiotic stress, and often have an enhanced growth and yield, relative to varieties which do not accumulate GB. The increased GB accumulation occurs mainly in the chloroplast and is responsible for initiating a network of interactions between the plant’s photosynthetic apparatus, its “stress” and “growth” hormones, and reactive oxygen species. The end result of these GB-induced interactions is the alleviation of abiotic stress effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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