Quantitation of cotton fibre-quality variations arising from boll and plant growth environments

Autor: Oscar Hinojosa, Philip J. Bauer, Gretchen F. Sassenrath-Cole, Judith M. Bradow
Rok vydání: 1997
Předmět:
Zdroj: European Journal of Agronomy. 6:191-204
ISSN: 1161-0301
DOI: 10.1016/s1161-0301(96)02047-3
Popis: Crop growth simulation models used to manage cultural inputs and to improve yields of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., do not address fibre quality, a major determinant of cotton fibre price and end-use. Fibre maturation simulations require rapid, reproducible methods for fibre quality quantitation at the boll or locule level. Combination of fibre quality mapping by fruiting site with quality quantitation by an electron-optical particle sizer provided replicated, reproducible data suitable for use in predictive models and quantitative studies of fibre quality variations attributable to genotype and growth environment. The efficacy and potential of this unique fusion of agronomic and textile technologies were examined through comparisons of three 1992 fibre quality database subsets from the US Southeastern Coastal Plain and Mississippi Delta. Comparisons of ‘Pee Dee 3’ fibre quality, on a locule-by-locule basis at positions 1 and 2 on main-stem nodes 5 through 18, revealed that fibre length, cross-sectional area, and physical maturity varied among fruiting sites. Subsurface microirrigation applied during an early-season drought increased fibre yield by 40%, significantly increased fibre fineness, and decreased fibre maturity indicators. Fibre length variations were compared between ginning methods and among nine genotypes grown in the Coastal Plain. Irrigation-related reductions in physical fibre maturity, found in the Coastal Plain, were contrasted with chronological maturities of ‘DPL5415’ and ‘DES119’ fibre harvested 21, 28, 35, 42, or 56 days post-anthesis in the Mississippi Delta. Fibre-quality mapping with particle-sizing represents a powerful, new tool for constructing fibre development simulations essential for improving cotton fibre quality and processing outcome.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: