Kill rate by wolves on moose in the Yukon

Autor:	R D Hayes, U Wotschikowsky, A M Baer, A S Harestad
Rok vydání:	2000
Předmět:	Herbivore Canis Ecology Kill rate biology.animal Rangifer tarandus caribou Animal Science and Zoology Woodland caribou Biology biology.organism_classification Population density Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Predation
Zdroj:	Canadian Journal of Zoology. 78:49-59
ISSN:	1480-3283 0008-4301
DOI:	10.1139/z99-187
Popis:	We studied the kill rate by wolves (Canis lupus) after a large-scale wolf removal when populations of wolves, moose (Alces alces), and woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) were all increasing. We followed a total of 21 wolf packs for 4 winters, measuring prey selection, kill rates, and ecological factors that could influence killing behavior. Wolf predation was found to be mainly additive on both moose and caribou populations. Kill rates by individual wolves were inversely related to pack size and unrelated to prey density or snow depth. Scavenging by ravens decreased the amount of prey biomass available for wolves to consume, especially for wolves in smaller packs. The kill rate by wolves on moose calves was not related to the number of calves available each winter. Wolves did not show a strong switching response away from moose as the ratio of caribou to moose increased in winter. The predation rate by wolves on moose was best modeled by the number and size of packs wolves were organized into each winter.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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