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This chapter deals with the nondestructive inspection (NDI) of materials, components, and structures. Inspection of complex materials and structures is frequently carried out by comparing the expected inspection data with a standard and noting any significant deviations. This means a well-defined standard must be available for calibration of the inspection instrumentation. Furthermore, standards also must contain implanted flaws that mimic those that naturally occur in the material or structure to be inspected. Without a well-defined standard to calibrate the inspection process, the analysis of NDI results can be significantly in error. This chapter covers some important and some less well-known NDI tests. Thermal nondestructive inspection methods involve the detection of infrared energy emitted from the surface of a test object. This technique is used to detect the flow of thermal energy either into or out of a specimen and the effect of anomalies on the surface temperature distribution. Keywords: nondestructive inspection (NDI); thermal methods |
