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Summary objective Thalassaemia/haemoglobinopathy is a hereditary disease causing increased erythropoiesis and expansion of the bone marrow cavity. As a consequence, there is a reduction in trabecular bone tissue resulting in osteopenia/osteoporosis. The present study was performed to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents with β-thalassaemia disease and to determine biochemical and hormonal changes that may affect BMD. methods Forty-eight children and adolescents with β-thalassaemia were divided into two groups, transfusion-dependent (TD) (n = 16) and transfusion-independent (TI) (n = 32). All patients were treated suboptimally. BMD was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone maturation was assessed by radiographic bone age (BA). Blood and urine samples were obtained for the determination of biochemical and hormonal profiles, which included PTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, IGF-1, fT4, TSH and urine deoxypyridinoline. results Most of the patients were short and underweight, and they had delayed BA with mean Z-scores of −2·77 in the TD and −2·04 in TI groups. The mean Z-scores of BMD in the TD vs. TI groups of total body, radius, femoral neck and lumbar spine were −2·09 vs.−1·49, −0·73 vs. −0·54, −1·93 vs.−1·17 and −3·45 vs.−2·43, respectively. Although the means BMD values in the TD group were lower than those in the TI group, they were not significantly different. Mean serum IGF-1 levels were lower in the TD than the TI groups, 11·6 and 24·9 nmol/l, respectively (P |
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