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The levels and types of gas and particle emissions vary in the agricultural sector according to practices, animal and plant species, livestock and crop management and related factors, as well as soil and climate conditions. This depends on natural and anthropogenic processes. This chapter highlights how researchers, agricultural stakeholders and policymakers can use this knowledge to identify and assess measures to reduce these emissions at different organization levels. The potential action levers are first detailed at the operational level (field, livestock building), where mitigating practices and production systems are described. The same analysis is performed at higher levels of integration, from the plot to the farm scale and on larger scales (landscape, small regions). In rural landscapes, where agricultural emissions occur, agricultural activities coexist with residential area and economic activities, and their relationships strongly changed in the last decades. An analysis is made on how agriculture stakeholders consider air quality from both the point of view of the contribution of agriculture to air pollution and how agriculture is impacted. Conversely, an analysis is performed on how rural and urban residents view air pollution from agriculture, especially pesticides, ammonia, odours and particulate matter. Finally, public policies related to air quality are analyzed to assess how they affect agriculture and livestock farming and how other public policies (e.g. on climate or water quality) influence the relationship between agriculture and air quality. |
