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espanolIntroduccion El objetivo fue estimar la efectividad de la vacuna (EV) trivalente inactivada para prevenir atenciones hospitalarias por gripe (AHG) en Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha (CLM), Espana, temporada 2018-2019. Material y metodos Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo; semanas 40/2018 a 13/2019. Fuentes: Programa Microbiologia; historia clinica electronica; censo poblacional (INE, 1/7/2018). Casos: AHG (urgencias y/u observacion de urgencias o ingreso), confirmadas mediante prueba antigenica o PCR. Se calcularon: fracciones preventivas ([FPv(vacunados) y FPp(poblacional)]) y numero necesario de pacientes a vacunar (NNV). Resultados Hubo 228 AHG (tasa incidencia [TI] acumulada=8,9/104; ≥ 65 anos=65%; cobertura vacunal=13% [≥ 65 anos=58%]; mortalidad=9%); con maxima incidencia en la semana 6.a (TI=1,7/104) (en CLM, en la 4.a). El mayor pico de VRS ocurrio en la 3.a semana (en CLM, en la 52). La FPv entre 14-65 anos fue del 96% (FPp=58%) y en ≥ 65, del 32% (FPp=21%). NNV=414. Como en Espana, predomino el virus A, siendo A(H3N2) un 13% mas prevalente (cepa no concordante con la vacunal). Conclusiones La temporada se retraso por una sostenida circulacion del VRS. La EV resulto inferior a la nacional. Seria imprescindible impulsar proximas campanas para mejorar la cobertura. EnglishIntroduction The objective was to estimate the effectiveness of inactivated trivalent vaccine (VE) in preventing hospital flu care (HFC) in Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha (CLM), Spain, 2018-19 season. Material and methods Retrospective cohort study (40/2018 to 13/2019 weeks). Sources: Microbiology programme; electronic medical history; population census (INE, 1/7/2018). Cases: Population requiring HFC (hospital emergencies and/or emergency observation unit and/or hospital admissions), confirmed by antigenic test and/or PCR. Preventive fractions [PFv(vaccinated) and PFp(population)] and Necessary number of patients to be vaccinated (NNV) were calculated. Results 228 HFT occurred [cumulative incidence rate (IR)=8.9/104; ≥65 years=65%; vaccination coverage=13% (≥65 years=58%); mortality=9%); maximum incidence in the 6th week (IR=1.7/104) (in CLM, in 4th)]. Highest peak of RSV occurred in the 3rd (in CLM, in the 52th). PFv (14-65 years) was 96% (PFp=58%) and in ≥65, 32% (PFp=21%). NNV=414. As in Spain, influenza virus A predominated, with A(H3N2) being 13% more prevalent (strain not included in the vaccine). Conclusions The season was delayed by sustained VRS circulation. The VE was lower than the national one. It is be essential to promote future campaigns to improve vaccination coverage. |
