Characterization of Carnauba Wax Inorganic Content
| Autor: | Gisele S. Lopes, Allan Nilson de Sousa Dantas, Ticiane Alencar Magalhães, Sandro T. Gouveia, Wladiana O. Matos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Wax
General Chemical Engineering Organic Chemistry Analytical chemistry chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Volume (thermodynamics) Nitric acid Elemental analysis Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Sample preparation Inductively coupled plasma Carnauba wax |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 90:1475-1483 |
| ISSN: | 1558-9331 0003-021X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11746-013-2300-6 |
| Popis: | In this work the analysis of inorganic elements (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn) in different types of carnauba waxes (types 1, 3 and 4) was implemented. The Box-Behnken experimental design was used to opti- mize the digestion of the carnauba wax sample using a microwave-assisted approach. The following parameters were evaluated: microwave power applied (600-1,000 W), time of microwave power application (5-20 min) and nitric acid volume (1-4 mL). The residual carbon content (%RCC) was measured by ICP OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) to evaluate the efficiency of the digestion. The %RCC values in all of the experiments were below 16 %. The best conditions for carnauba wax digestion were found: 800 W applied power for 15 min using 2.5 mL of HNO3. In these conditions the %RCC was lower than 4 %. The amounts of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn in these samples were deter- mined by ICP OES. The average contents of Al, Ca, Fe and K found in the carnauba wax type 1 were 28.6 ± 1.5, 33.8 ± 2.8, 18.5 ± 1.1 and 37.2 ± 2.5 mg kg -1 , respec- tively. For carnauba wax types 3 and 4 larger amounts were found. The principal components analysis (PCA) showed three groups of carnauba wax with the first two principal components. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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