Oil Spill Water Column Modeling for Aquatic Injury Assessment – Refinements for Assessing Oil Toxicity
| Autor: | Geoffrey T. Gipson, Ralph K. Markarian, Venkat S. Kolluru, Lavinia M. O'Hanlon, Michael J. Fichera |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings. 2003:935-941 |
| ISSN: | 2169-3358 2169-3366 |
| DOI: | 10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-935 |
| Popis: | To assess potential aquatic injury from oil spills, a fate and transport model called the Chemical / Oil Spill Impact Module (COSIM) was developed based upon refinements made to the NOAA Natural Resource Damage Assessment Model (NRDAM). Enhanced mass balance of the oil enabled better tracking of specific oil components of toxicological concern. The oil was divided into 24 cuts, based upon laboratory analysis of the neat oil. Each cut was allowed to evaporate, volatilize, weather, and sorb to solids at cut-specific rates. LC50 values therefore changed with time as the oil changed in composition. A case example is examined. Hydrodynamic modeling was applied to simulate the release of a mixture of No. 2 and No. 6 fuel oil released upon an estuarine system. The effects of booming, and the failure of the booms under storm conditions were added to the model. Mass balance was used to track the oil from the surface slick to entrained droplets, dissolved phase, sorbed to suspended solid particles, shorelines deposition, evaporated, volatilized, and removed by cleanup operations. Modeled concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were calibrated to field measurements. Acute toxicity was calculated based upon the dissolved PAHs modeled. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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