Ophthalmic and Otological Manifestations in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
| Autor: | Alfredo Montehermoso, Ricard Cervera, Aharon Kessel, Elias Toubi, Juan Carlos Mejía |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
genetic structures business.industry Ischemia Amaurosis fugax medicine.disease Thrombosis eye diseases Surgery Posterior segment of eyeball Antiphospholipid syndrome Internal medicine medicine.artery Optic nerve Cardiology Medicine Sensorineural hearing loss medicine.symptom Internal carotid artery business |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-044450987-1/50024-3 |
| Popis: | Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on various ophthalmic and otological manifestations in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). From the ophthalmological point of view, the APS manifestations include subjective disturbances as well as objective pathologic findings, some of them considered as potential risk factors for severe ocular or cerebrovascular diseases. Ocular involvement in the APS includes various symptoms as well as both anterior and posterior segment signs. There is a high prevalence of transient visual disturbances mostly related to cerebral rather than ocular ischemia. The posterior segment of the eye is usually more severely affected than the anterior one. Amaurosis fugax (episodic and temporary loss of vision in an eye) usually caused by ocular ischemia due to severe stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery is frequently described in patients with cerebral, retinal and/or optic nerve ischemic disease as well as in association with anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), with or without definite APS. Patients with APS may also present with a secondary vasospastic syndrome, which includes both anterior and posterior findings and thrombotic and neovascular glaucoma. There are several reports of aPL associated with thrombosis in patients with infectious diseases, some of which are also documented as causing sensorineural hearing loss (SHL), suggesting a link between infection-induced aPL, thrombosis, and related SHL. In 1994, Moine et al. observed that aCL were detected in 4/35 (11 %) of patients with SHL, suggesting that, theoretically, the use of anticoagulants could provide an effective treatment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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