| Popis: |
Patients referred to pain clinics are often those with the most severe pain, who have failed more conservative approaches or strictly medical modalities. In other instances, the patients are referred for concerns of comorbidities or lack of pain management resources such as a clinic and procedure room with fluoroscopic capabilities. While the goal for these percutaneous interventions is improved pain control, they should be considered adjuncts and not replacements for a comprehensive pain management strategy. Most patients benefit from multimodal pain medication strategies, physical therapy, stress management and relaxation training, occupational therapy, acupuncture, or other treatment therapies. This chapter provides an overview and discussion of several of the most common pain procedures encountered in clinical pain management practices today. Each procedure is discussed with an initial description of the strategy, including technical aspects, medical indications, and relevant complications important for the pain management physician to understand. This will be followed by a section on considerations for anesthetic management. |
