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Land transport infrastructure provides services essential to a modern society’s functioning. Transport infrastructure elements such as road and railway structures are used every day by more and more people, and disruption to or failure of these elements would have a broad impact. The importance of these elements depends on the level of performance they provide, i.e., their traffic-carrying capacity and traffic intensity. This performance can be affected by negative factors such as the escalation, exposure, de-escalation and intensity of undesirable events. However, the effects of these negative factors can be minimized by positive factors that improve the resilience of transport infrastructure elements. These factors include the robustness, recoverability and adaptability of transport structures. The article aims to integrate definitions and describe how factors negatively or positively influence the performance of critical land transport infrastructure elements. |
