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Geomorphological mapping has been performed for about a century and since that time has developed widely, adding greater detail and complexity or has followed a themed, holistic approach. This chapter reviews the different aims, evolution and schools that gave rise to ‘modern’ geomorphological mapping. The development of a variety of mapping approaches reflects the required scale of operation and the different areas of application: for example resource development, hazard zonation, countrywide mapping and environmental planning. By the 1970s, there had been a huge international attempt to find common standards for mapping landforms: their morphogenesis, morphochronology, morphodynamics, morphometry and lithology. More recently the advent of remote sensing and geographical information systems has opened up many possibilities for the further development and specialisation of geomorphological mapping. This chapter describes, in detail, the history of several mapping ‘schools’, with a focus on applied geomorphological mapping. In doing so, it presents the ITC legend system that pioneered such an approach during the late 1970s. |
