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The purpose. To determine advance of productivity of early hybrids of corn FAO 150 — 240 of different strain changings of selection of corn of SE Institute of grain crops of NAAS. Methods. Hybridization, inbreeding, cumulative selection – during creation of initial material and hybrids; visual – for phenological observations; measuring-weight – for record-keeping the yield; mathematical-and- statistical – for determination of reliability of results. Results. For the last 28 years (1987 — 2015) SE IGC of NAAS has registered in Ukraine 34 early hybrids FAO 150 — 240 which may be timephased on 4 strain changings. Each next of them has the increase yield of grain of new genotypes. Its general increase makes 3,46 t/hectare, and lowering of harvest damp of grain – 4,5%. With the purpose of determination of genetic component in productivity of grain of early samples comparison of hybrids is carried out: hybrid-standard of the first strain changing Dneprovskii 203 MV, connecting second and third strain changings Dneprovskii 181 SV and the best sample of the last strain changing DN – Garant. It is determined that annual increase of productivity of grain of early hybrids for 28 years has made 0,08 t/hectare. Conclusions. The stateof- the-art world trend of varietal policy in production of corn is founded on increase of prevalence of a share of early hybrids in assortment of different biotypes of this crop. Spread of early genotypes in conditions of Steppe is connected to development of resources-saving techniques in plant growing and advance in selection of early samples of South ecotype. |
