Retrospective Analysis of a Novel Method of Transscleral Suture Fixation for Posterior-Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation in the Absence of Capsular Support
| Autor: | Keith A. Walter, Terry D. Wood, Jerry G. Ford, Joan Winnicki, Marshal E. Tyler, John W. Reed |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
biology medicine.drug_class Chemistry Antibiotics Streptococcus viridans biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition bacterial infections and mycoses medicine.disease_cause biology.organism_classification Microbiology Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmology medicine.anatomical_structure Staphylococcus aureus Cornea Streptococcus pneumoniae medicine Ofloxacin Bacteria medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Cornea. 17:262-266 |
| ISSN: | 0277-3740 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/00003226-199805000-00005 |
| Popis: | Purpose We compared the in vitro susceptibility of gram-positive bacteria to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin using human corneal susceptibility levels. Methods The concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin that can be attained in 99% of human corneas (Cornea99) after topical administration were calculated statistically from reported data. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for 95 corneal isolates of gram-positive bacteria (51 Staphylococcus aureus, 16 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 16 Streptococcus viridans group, and 12 coagulase-negative staphylococci). Susceptibility was interpreted by comparing the MICs with the respective Cornea99 for each antibiotic. Time-kill studies of representative gram-positive bacteria were tested using the Cornea99 and the maximal corneal concentrations reported for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. Results The Cornea99 of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were calculated to be 3.57 microg/ml (n = 22) and 2.22 microg/ml (n = 20), respectively. The reported mean corneal concentrations of ciprofloxacin (6.90 +/- 6.20 microg/ml) and ofloxacin (5.71 +/- 6.15 microg/ml) were comparable (p = 0.54). All gram-positive bacteria were equally susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (p = 0.54) based on the Cornea99. The time-kill studies determined that 8-24 h were required for both ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin to reach bactericidal levels. Conclusion Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin demonstrated comparable penetration into the cornea and provided equivalent in vitro efficacy against representative gram-positive bacteria. Time-kill studies indicated that 8-24 h of continual corneal concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were necessary in this study to reduce susceptible gram-positive bacteria by 99.9%. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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