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espanolEn el presente trabajo se evaluo el consumo de materia seca (MS) y de energia bruta, la ganancia diaria de peso y el indice de conversion alimenticia en una crianza de 60 dias, suministrando alimentos solidos de diferente calidad los primeros 20 dias. Se utilizaron 20 terneros machos y 20 hembras cruce de “Montbeliarde × Holstein”, los cuales fueron distribuidos equitativamente en dos grupos de alimentacion (grupos de alimentacion A y B). La alimentacion se compuso de leche de vaca (6 L/dia en dos tomas, hasta el dia 30 y 4 L/dia en una toma, hasta el dia 45) y dieta solida (A: alimento extrusionado hasta dia 20 de crianza y alimento iniciador del dia 21 al 60; B: alimento iniciador desde el dia 1 al 60 de crianza). Se registro el peso vivo de los terneros al ingresar al sistema de crianza artificial, semanalmente y al finalizar la crianza. Se estimo el consumo de alimento solido diariamente por diferencia entre alimento ofrecido y rechazado hasta el dia 45 y, posteriormente, se estimo el consumo acumulado cada cinco dias hasta el dia 60. En los primeros 20 dias de crianza el consumo en kg MS de alimento solido fue de 1,81 kg para el grupo A y de 1,42 kg para el B, que junto al consumo de MS de la leche representa un total de 17,34 kg y 16,23 kg MS grupo A y B respectivamente. El consumo de energia bruta fue de 14,08 Mcal y 12,06 Mcal y el indice de conversion alimenticia fue de 2,19 y 2,13 (A y B respectivamente). La ganancia diaria de peso durante el periodo de 60 dias fue de 0,685 ± 0,1 kg/dia y 0,700 ± 0,1 kg/dia para el grupo A y B respectivamente. Ninguna de las variables estudiadas durante el periodo de 60 dias, mostraron diferencias significativas entre grupos de alimentacion (p > 0,05). Se concluye que la crianza de terneros con alimento solido extrusionado o iniciador con 6 L diarios de leche en 2 tomas los primeros 20 dias de vida es similar para el consumo de alimento solido, la ganancia diaria de peso y el indice de conversion alimenticia. EnglishThe aim of this work was to evaluate dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) consumption, daily weight gain (DWG) and food conversion index (FCI) during 60-days when different solid feed were supplied (with or without extrusion) during the first 20-day of rearing. 20 male and 20 female crosbred calves (Montbeliarde × Holstein), which were distributed equally in two feeding groups (A and B). The diet was composed of cow’s milk (6 L/day in 2 feedings until day 30 and 4 L/day up to day 45) and solid feed (A: extruded feed until day 20 of age and starter feed from day 21 to the day 60 of age; or B: starter feed from day 1 to day 60 of age). The live weight of the calves was recorded at the beginning of the artificial rearing process, and then weekly up to the end of the process. The consumption of solid feed was estimated daily by difference between milk and feed offered and rejected until the 45th day and, later on, cumulative consumption was estimated every 5 days until the 60th day. In the first 20 days, the DM intake of solid feed was 1.81 kg for group A and 1.42 kg for B, that together with the milk DM intake represents a total of 17.34 kg and 16.23 kg for group A and B, respectively. The GE intake was (14.08 Mcal and 12.06 Mcal) and the FCI was (2.19 and 2.13) for group A and B respectively. The DWG during 60 days of age was 0.685 ± 0.1 kg / day and 0.700 ± 0.1 kg / day for group A and B, respectively. None of the variables studied during the 60-day period showed significant differences between the feeding groups (P > 0.05). It is concluded that feeding calves with solid extruded or starter feed and 6 L of milk per day in 2 feedings during the first 20 days of age allows obtaining similar solid feed intake, DWG and FCI |
