A Critical Appraisal of the Threshold of Toxicity Model for Non- Carcinogens
| Autor: | Henk A. Tennekes |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
021110 strategic
defence & security studies business.industry 0211 other engineering and technologies 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Toxicology Dieldrin chemistry.chemical_compound Critical appraisal chemistry Environmental health Toxicity Medicine Threshold model Risk assessment business Volume concentration Carcinogen Risk management 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 6 |
| ISSN: | 2161-0525 |
| DOI: | 10.4172/2161-0525.1000408 |
| Popis: | Most regulatory agencies assume that there is no safe level of exposure to carcinogens but that a threshold, or “safe” exposure level exists for non-carcinogens. However, recent discoveries have cast serious doubt on the validity of this concept. Five examples of non-carcinogens without an apparent threshold (neonicotinoids, dioxin, dieldrin, endocrine disruptors, and sulfhydryl-reactive metals) are presented. It is also clear by now that the threshold model for non-carcinogens may seriously underestimate actual risk. Risk assessments can no longer assume thresholds for non-carcinogens when the shape of the dose-response curve is linear at low concentrations. Risk management of such chemicals should be based on the ALARA principle (“as low as reasonably achievable”). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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