Cross-cultural gene− environment interactions in depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and the cortisol awakening response:FKBP5polymorphisms and childhood trauma in South Asia

Autor: Suraj Koirala, Vidya Dev Sharma, Nawaraj Upadhaya, Carol M. Worthman, Kerry J. Ressler, Elisabeth B. Binder, Kristina B. Mercer, Mahendra K. Nepal, Brandon A. Kohrt
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Review of Psychiatry. 27:180-196
ISSN: 1369-1627
0954-0261
DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1020052
Popis: Despite increased attention to global mental health, psychiatric genetic research has been dominated by studies in high-income countries, especially with populations of European descent. The objective of this study was to assess single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FKBP5 gene in a population living in South Asia. Among adults in Nepal, depression was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), and childhood maltreatment with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). FKBP5 SNPs were genotyped for 682 participants. Cortisol awakening response (CAR) was assessed in a subsample of 118 participants over 3 days. The FKBP5 tag-SNP rs9296158 showed a main effect on depressive symptoms (p = 0.03). Interaction of rs9296158 and childhood maltreatment predicted adult depressive symptoms (p = 0.02) but not PTSD. Childhood maltreatment associated with endocrine response in individuals homozygous for the A allele, demonstrated by a negative CAR and overall hypocortisolaemia in the rs9296158 AA genotype and childhood maltreatment group (p < 0.001). This study replicated findings related to FKBP5 and depression but not PTSD. Gene-environment studies should take differences in prevalence and cultural significance of phenotypes and exposures into account when interpreting cross-cultural findings.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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