| Popis: |
The craniofacial skeleton comprising the teeth, gums and tongue is an excellent model of organogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) present within various zones of the oro-dental tissue exhibit exceptional regeneration potential and contribute to tissue restoration and regeneration following infection/inflammation or trauma. Oro-dental disorders are multifactorial and encompass a wide array of diseases involving tooth germ formation, tooth shape, number, size and alignment. Oral microbial pathogens and their colonization as biofilm largely remain a threat to oral and dental health. Biofilms are associated with dental caries, periodontitis and peri-implantitis which often leads to oral disorders, tissue loss and dental implant failures. Scientific advancements have led to the identification of newer nanomaterials which can resist biofilms. Parallelly, isolation and differentiation of MSCs from within the dental structures and its adnexa offer great promise for dental restoration/regeneration. Robust screening systems are available today and provide an opportunity to screen pathogen susceptibility, properties of nanomaterials, stem cell plasticity, and gene, protein and cellular interactions. High-throughput technologies and availability of vast information from transcriptomics, epigenetics, genomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies will enable in-depth understanding of the oro-dental disorders as well as the regenerative/differentiation potential of the dental stem cells. Insights from HTS will pave way for successful utilization and effective clinical translation of the dental stem cells and bring about a paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications in relation to dentistry. |
