MICROBIOME CHANGES UNDER BILE TRACT OBSTRUCTION DUE TO PROGRESSIVE GROWTH OF PANCREAS TUMOUR
| Autor: | M. S. Filatov, R.S. Dovgan, O. M. Makarenko |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії. 18:137-141 |
| ISSN: | 2077-1126 2077-1096 |
| Popis: | This article presents a literature review to generalize current knowledge about the microbiome, in particular, its changes in pancreatic carcinogenesis and subsequent complications. It has been found out that pathogenic bacteria can affect this process by activating the proper receptors and maintaining the inflammation associated with the onset of pancreatic cancer. When the biliary tract is obstructed, it is found that the host's metabolism can be influenced by microbial modifications of bile acids that lead to changes in signalling through the bile acid receptors, as well as to various changes in the composition of the microbiome. Control of the intestinal microbiota using probiotics enables changing the metabolism of bile acids due to FXR and GPBAR1 signalling. Reviewed studies have shown that obscuration of the biliary tract that blocks the drain of bile into the intestine, leads to an increased growth of bacteria and the translocation of bacteria into the small intestine. It is proved that pathogenic microorganisms are able to act as carcinogenic agents after infecting the pancreas. The results of the research have showed that microbial diversity of the intestine is significantly reduced in pancreatic cancer and this tumour is characterized by a unique microbial profile. In particular, microbial changes in pancreatic cancer have been characterized by an increase in several species, such as Veillonella, Klebsiella and Selenomonas, and LPS-producing bacteria, including Prevotella, Hallella and Enterobacter. The increase in the number of bacteria that produce LPS confirms the important pathogenetic role of dysbiosis in the mediation of chronic inflammation. Oxidative damage, activating the pathway of NF-kB, contributes to the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, prolonged chronic inflammation and oxidative damage are involved in the development of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, it is important to search for new directions of influence on this pathological condition, including the usage of probiotics. This medication can modify microbiota, (re) presenting bacteria associated with reduced pancreatic carcinogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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