Meter-scale spark X-ray spectrum statistics
| Autor: | Z. Scherrer, Nikolai Østgaard, O. Grondahl, K. LeCaptain, Brant Carlson, Ragnhild Schrøder Nisi, Pavlo Kochkin, K. Weber |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Atmospheric Science education.field_of_study Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Population Bremsstrahlung Electron 7. Clean energy Fluence Power law Spectral line Computational physics symbols.namesake Geophysics Orders of magnitude (time) Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) symbols Pareto distribution education |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 120:11-11,202 |
| ISSN: | 2169-897X |
| Popis: | X-ray emission by sparks implies bremsstrahlung from a population of energetic electrons, but the details of this process remain a mystery. We present detailed statistical analysis of X-ray spectra detected by multiple detectors during sparks produced by 1 MV negative high-voltage pulses with 1 $\mu$s risetime. With over 900 shots, we statistically analyze the signals, assuming that the distribution of spark X-ray fluence behaves as a power law and that the energy spectrum of X-rays detectable after traversing $\sim$2 m of air and a thin aluminum shield is exponential. We then determine the parameters of those distributions by fitting cumulative distribution functions to the observations. The fit results match the observations very well if the mean of the exponential X-ray energy distribution is 86 $\pm$ 7 keV and the spark X-ray fluence power law distribution has index -1.29 $\pm$ 0.04 and spans at least 3 orders of magnitude in fluence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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