| Popis: |
This study aims to generate rock units based on core permeability and porosity of an oil field in the Bredasdorp Basin offshore South Africa. In this study, we identified and classified lithofacies based on sedimentology reports in conjunction with well logs. Lucia's petrophysical classification method is used to classify rocks into three classes. Results revealed three lithofacies as A(sandstone, coarse to medium-grained), B (fine to medium-grained sandstone), and C (carbonaceous claystone, finely laminated with siltstone). Lithofacies A is the best reservoir quality and corresponds to class 1, while lithofacies B and C correspond to class 2 and 3, which are good and poor reservoir quality rock, respectively. An integrated reservoir zonation for the rocks is based on four different zonation methods (Flow Zone indicator (FZI), Winland r35, Hydraulic conductivity (HC), and Stratigraphy modified Lorenz plot (SMLP)). Four flow zones were identified as high(HFZ), moderate (MFZ), Low (LFZ), and tight (TFZ), respectively. The HFZ is the best reservoir quality composed of a megaporous rock unit, with an average FZI value between 5 to 10µm, and HC from 40 to 120 mD/v3, ranked as very good. The most prolific flow units (HFZ and MFZ zones) form more than 75 % of each well's flow capacities. The TFZ is the most reduced rock quality composed of impervious and nanoporous rock. There appears to be a slight increase of illite in the tight and low zones that block pore throats, thereby decreasing permeability. Therefore, illite has a dominant effect on flow zones. Quartz is the dominant framework grain, and siderite is the dominant cement that affects flow zones. This study has demonstrated a robust approach to delineate flow units in an oilfield. A novel sandstone reservoir zonation classification criteria developed from this study can be applied to other datasets of sandstone reservoirs with confidence. |
