Effects of Film Antitranspirants on Growth
| Autor: | K. Uriu, R. M. Hagan, D. C. Davenport |
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| Rok vydání: | 1974 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Botany. 25:410-419 |
| ISSN: | 1460-2431 0022-0957 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jxb/25.2.410 |
| Popis: | Film antitranspirants were shown to affect growth adversely by reducing photosynthesis, and favourably by increasing plant water potential. The net effect on growth was to : (1) reduce leaf expansion, plant height, and yield of snap beans in the field ; (2) increase internode and leaf elongation of oleanders over a short period, with no effect on shoot length over a longer period ; (3) reduce radial expansion of trunks of fruit trees ; and (4) increase the size of orchard fruits. Whether an antitranspirant reduces or increases growth of a particular plant part probably depends on whether current photosynthesis or plant water potential is more impor tant to its development at the time of treatment. production; and (2) the enlargement of these cells whilst at high turgor pressure, which is associated with high plant water potential (Kramer, 1969; Boyer, 1970). Since antitranspirants alfect both photosynthesis and plant water potential their net effects on growth merit investigation. A film-forming antitranspirant, sprayed on the foliage of a plant, slows transpira tion by providing a physical barrier over some, if not all, the stomata, hindering the escape of water vapour from the leaves. However, since stomata are common portals not only for loss of water vapour but also for intake of carbon dioxide, some reduc tion of photosynthesis, and hence of growth and yield, may be expected, particularly if the standard of comparison is an unstressed control plant with open stomata. Gale and Hagan (1966) reported several investigations showing that photosynthesis from individual leaves or plants was slowed by antitranspirants of the film-forming and stomate-inhibiting types. The effects of antitranspirants on progressive vegeta tive growth and final yield of crops, however, have received little study. Gale, Poljakoff-Mayber, Nir, and Kahane (1964) observed the effects of a film antitrans pirant on yields of grapes and bananas undergoing several irrigation cycles. While the weight of pruned grape canes and the yield of bananas were unaffected, the treatment significantly increased yield of grapes, but only if they were grown under conditions of water shortage. Poljakoff-Mayber and Gale (1967) found that a film antitranspirant, (1) decreased the relative growth rate of citrus seedlings in a well irrigated plot, (2) reduced total yield of orange fruit (over all size grades) by about |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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