Modifications Required for Palm Oil to be Qualified as a Mechanical Lubricant
| Autor: | Zulkifli Ibrahim, Azniza Ahmad, Muhammad Sharil Yahayaa, Chandima Gomes, Nurliyana Abdul Raof |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering. 9:50-66 |
| ISSN: | 2156-1672 2156-1680 |
| DOI: | 10.4018/ijmmme.2019010104 |
| Popis: | Adaptation of apt chemical modifications and incorporation of suitable additives, especially, nano-additives, could improve the properties of bio-lubricants derived from palm oil. This makes it one of the best alternatives to mineral oil lubricants. Possible chemical modifications are hydrogenation, esterification/ transesterification, epoxidation and metathesis. Feasible additives and nano-additives available in the market for minimizing the drawbacks of palm oil as a lubricant are ionic liquids, phosphorus, sulphur, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, metal, metal oxides, metal sulphides, carbonates, borates, carbon materials, organic materials, hexagonal boron nitride, alumina, CaO, CuO, ZnO, TiO2 and lanthanum borates. Few of them may not be environmental friendly. In line with market potentials and demand, it could be predicted that ROI of funding for the research and development of palm oil as a bio-lubricant may be significantly high. The study addresses tribological performance and properties, chemical modifications and formulation with additives of palm oil as a bio-lubricant. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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