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This paper details how the application of a combination of video-led multi-sensor technology and advanced 3D modelling can help select the best candidate wells for re-fracturing. By shifting focus towards the higher-potential re-frac candidates, operators can maximize return on investment in a multi-billion-dollar market. Deployment of high resolution, high frame rate video and multi-sensor technology enables the selection and prioritization of high-potential candidate wells, through rigless intervention performed as part of the planning phase. Rigorous, perforation-level analysis of this acquired data enables ranking with respect to unstimulated reserves and hazards that may affect re-frac performance to identify the highest potential candidates upon which a bespoke re-frac design can be applied and executed. This engineering-led approach is only possible with up-front data and knowledge gathering, prior to commencing re-frac operations. The result to the operator is higher yields in production gains for an optimized operating expenditure, with production rates potentially reaching or exceeding initial production values. This significantly reduces the time to pay-back the required operating expenditure and increases long-term profitability for the operator. The paper will use real-world case studies to demonstrate how the application of quantified visual analysis, multi-sensor measurements and 3D modelling makes it possible to plan for the best candidate wells for re-fracturing, thus improving the probability of success and increased economic return. The following problem areas will be analyzed in detail: Production Enhancement: Understanding initial frac performance and identifying under stimulated or unexploited reservoir zones. Effective Diversion: Identifying zones of over-stimulation in order to select appropriate diversion solutions to isolate these. Well integrity: 360-degree quantified visual inspection of barrier integrity and evaluation of the limits of operation of the pressure envelope. Wellbore Access: Identifying obstructions such as proppant flow-back or milling debris to assist with wellbore clean-up or quantifying casing deformation for optimization of the plug and perforation BHA design to ensure that target depths are reached. Refrac Optimization: Evaluation and performance benchmarking of refrac stage designs for optimization of fracture initiation and refrac operational costs. The techniques described in this paper involves the application of the world's first array side-view camera combined with auxiliary services, and bespoke data analysis and visualization suite to deliver the results in an intuitive and interactive platform. Further analysis of datasets is performed using patented 3-dimensional forward modelling techniques for computational analysis of well access. |
