Mortality and Parasitism of Cassida rubiginosa 1 , a Thistle-feeding Shield Beetle Accidentally Introduced into North America 2

Autor:	Robert L. Pienkowski, Rodney H. Ward
Rok vydání:	1978
Předmět:	Eupelmidae Eulophidae Ecology biology Tachinidae Parasitism Cassida biology.organism_classification Ichneumonidae Insect Science Botany Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Tetrastichus Chalcididae
Zdroj:	Environmental Entomology. 7:536-540
ISSN:	1938-2936 0046-225X
DOI:	10.1093/ee/7.4.536
Popis:	Five species of parasites were reared from the larval, pupal, or adult stages of Cassida rubiginosa Muller (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), collected from northern Virginia during 1973 and 1974. They were: Tetrastichus rhosaces (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Eucelatoriopsis dimmocki (Aldrich) (Diptera: Tachinidae); Spilochalcis albifrons (Walsh) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae); Eupelmella vesicularis (Retzius) (Eupelmidae); and Itoplectis conquisitor (Say) (Ichneumonidae). T. rhosaces , a species not previously recorded from North America, is an obligate gregarious endoparasite while the other species are native facultative endoparasites. Of 2594 and 2314 cassid immatures collected in 1973 and 1974, respectively, 43.4 and 68.9% developed into adults, and 23.8 and 14.6% were parasitized.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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