| Popis: |
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by the presence of auto-antibodies to several protein and non-protein antigens. We report circulating levels of antibodies towards naturally occurring glycans using our customized glycan array and show that anti-carbohydrate antibodies (ACA) are associated with pathogenesis and progression to T1D. We compared circulatory levels of ACAs against 202 glycans in a cross-sectional cohort of T1D patients (n=278) and healthy controls (n=298), as well as in a longitudinal cohort (n=112). We identified 11 clusters of ACAs associated with glycan function class. Clusters enriched for aminoglycosides, blood group A and B antigens, glycolipids, ganglio-series, and O-linked glycans were associated with progression to T1D. ACAs against the aminoglycoside commonly used for neonatal sepsis, gentamicin, and its related structures, G418 and sisomicin, were associated with islet autoimmunity. ACAs improved discrimination of T1D status of individuals over a model with only clinical variables. ACAs are potential biomarkers for T1D. |
