| Popis: |
Violence is a public health problem, with severe negative consequences on the mental and physical health of people, female primarily; one of five women reports more child abuse or maltreatment than each one of 13 men; women who have suffered some form of child abuse, have up to four times the risk of developing symptoms of depression in adult life. According to the WHO, between 1990 and 2013, people with depression or anxiety increased by 50%, from 416 million to 615 million. About 10% of the world's population is affected, and mental disorders account for 30% of the global burden of non-fatal disease. Humanitarian emergencies and conflict increase the need to expand therapeutic options. Major Depressive Disorder is characterized by severe mood alteration, displeasure and these affect the social, work, and personal areas; the persistence of the disorder could cause distress and physical and functional disability. The women are at twice the risk of suffering depression and suffer more severe depressive symptoms. In addition, women who have been victims of physical or sexual abuse have higher rates of mental health problems. Exposure to child abuse is associated with a markedly increased risk of psychiatric and medical disorders; The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the main signaling pathways activated in response to stress and trauma. Alterations in the HPA axis or allostatic load are a psychophysiological condition due to the chronic persistence of child abuse, increasing the risk of suffering from mental disorders in adulthood. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of early trauma when psychiatric diagnosis, offer better treatment options, and stop the family chain of adverse events. |
