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Widespread access to the Internet and its most commonly used services, such as electronic mail, Web and, most recently, digital social networks, has led to a trivialization of information retrieval (IR) practices [GRI 11, DIN 14, DIN 07, CIA 05, ASS 02], which were in the recent past reserved for information specialists (journalists, information officers, guards, archivists, librarians, etc.) [CAT 01, DUF 01, LEF 00]. Having been introduced to the general public by the free access general search engines, IR was for several years delegated to a group of Internet surfers at the mercy of these automated indexing and retrieval systems with basic mechanisms1, which can precisely and rapidly list a large part of the visible document production in the Web of documents [LEW 08, CHI 07, RIE 06, LEL 99]. |
