| Popis: |
Malaysia's oilfields production are mostly in a declining trend but the remaining oil left is still significant with an average of oil recovery factor of less than fourty percent, 40%. In arresting this phenomenon, PETRONAS has taken proactive steps to ensure the sustainability and growth of oil production to be inlined with the projected demand and supply outlook for the next five to ten years timeframe. As such, one of major steps taken is looking into Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique to increase further field recovery factor by improving sweep efficiency of the reservoir for fluids displacement enhancement. Several EOR techniques were put on focused in ensuring target value of sweep efficiency is meeting both macro and micro efficiencies closer to one. Amongst the focus steps are, EOR screening process identification, laboratory work and high order of three dimensional (3D) simulation study. This paper will discuss how displacement test techniques for EOR water alternating gas (WAG) are able to quantity macro and micro sweep parameters at heterogenoues conditions, namely hysteresis; alpha, a, and C. Subsequently, translating it into field 3D simulation study e.g. validation of laboratory result in relationship with relative pemeability modification (imbibition and drainage curves) to quantify the EOR WAG potential. With this, PETRONAS has established a robust techniques for the EOR WAG hysterisis process from laboratory to field application in the context of Malaysia's EOR WAG hysterysis methodology. To-date, the developed processes of WAG hysteresis is proven by first production achieved in year 2014. |
