| Popis: |
The concepts of cellular biology and the classification of stem cells were described in the previous chapter. In this chapter, the focus will be only on hematopoietic stem cells, which we can use today for stem cell transplantation in pediatric oncological/hematological patients. Hematopoietic stem cells are the most thoroughly characterized tissue-specific stem cells and have been experimentally studied for more than 50 years. The transplantation we work with in pediatric oncology/hematology area uses multipotent hematopoietic stem cells; they can generate all functional hematopoietic lineages in blood, including erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; therefore, its transplantation solves the inappropriate functioning of the hematopoietic system in diseases such as leukemia and anemia. Hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation are collected from the bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. The transplantation can be autologous, with stem cells from the patient, or allogenic, with stem cells from a donor. When the donor is an identical twin, the transplantation is named syngeneic [51]. |
