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Introduction Insomnia increases risk of affective disorders. This study assessed whether individuals with insomnia symptoms at the beginning of the pandemic, either new-onset or pre-existing, were at increased vulnerability to anxiety and depressive symptoms longitudinally compared to those who continued sleeping normally. Sleep-related factors (e.g., pre-sleep arousal) were also examined for their influence on risk of clinically significant anxiety and depression. Method Between April 2020 and May 2021, 2069 participants (M=46.16 years, SD=13.42; 75.3% female) with new-onset, pre-existing, or no insomnia symptoms responded to a global online survey with 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Data were analysed using mixed-effects and logistic regression models. Results New-onset and pre-existing insomnia were stronger predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms over time (p’s Discussion Insomnia and associated sleep-related factors are key modifiable risks for persistent symptoms of anxiety and depression. This study highlights sleep as an opportunity for intervention into the enduring mental health ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic and underlines the need to integrate insomnia treatment into routine mental health care. |
