Application of an immobilized microbial consortium for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater: Batch-wise and continuous studies
| Autor: | Shabnam Murshid, Gnana Prakash Dhakshinamoorthy |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Suspended solids
Environmental Engineering Hydraulic retention time Chemistry General Chemical Engineering Substrate (chemistry) 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry Microbial consortium 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Pulp and paper industry Biochemistry 020401 chemical engineering Wastewater Batch processing Bioreactor 0204 chemical engineering 0210 nano-technology Stover |
| Zdroj: | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 29:391-400 |
| ISSN: | 1004-9541 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.04.008 |
| Popis: | In the present investigation, a microbial consortium consisting of four bacterial strains was selected for the treatment of pharmaceutical industry wastewater. The consortium was immobilized on a natural support matrix - Luffa and used for the treatment of real-time pharmaceutical wastewater in batch and continuous processes. The batch process was carried out to optimize the culture conditions and monitor the enzymatic activity. An array of enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, monooxygenase, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and hydroquinol 1,2-dioxygenase were produced by the consortium. The kinetics of the degradation in the batch process was analyzed and it was noted to be a first-order reaction. For the continuous study, an aerobic fixed-film bioreactor (AFFBR) was utilized for a period of 61 days with variable hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR). The immobilized microbes treated the wastewater by reducing the COD, phenolic contaminants and suspended solids. The OLR ranged between (0.56 ± 0.05) kg COD·m−3 d−1 to 3.35 kg COD·m−3·d−1 and the system achieved an average reduction of 96.8% of COD, 92.6% of phenolic compounds and 95.2% of suspended solids. Kinetics of the continuous process was interpreted by three different models, where the modified Stover Kincannon model and the Grau second-order model proved to be best fit for the degradation reaction with the constant for saturation value, KL being 95.12 g·L−1·d−1, the constant for maximum utilization of the substrate Umax being 90.01 g·L−1 d−1 and substrate removal constant KY was 1.074 d−1 for both the models. GC–MS analysis confirmed that most of the organic contaminants were degraded into innocuous metabolites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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